Therefore, clinicians who do not understand the clinical manifestations of this condition regularly misdiagnose the disease. The diagnosis usually relies on clinical manifestations. Patients with paroxysmal laryngospasm have a short attack period and often show no symptoms and signs after these episodes. Paroxysmal laryngospasm is often misdiagnosed as asthma, hysterical stridor, obstructive sleep apnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, and other conditions. Several studies have established that paroxysmal laryngospasm is often secondary to laryngopharyngeal reflux, a variant of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Paroxysmal laryngospasm usually lasts from several seconds to several minutes and may be accompanied by obvious causes such as upper respiratory tract infection (URI), emotional agitation or tension, and/or severe coughing. Paroxysmal laryngospasm onset in patients is often characterized by a sudden and complete inability to breathe, along with voice loss or hoarseness and stridor. In this condition, the throat is completely closed due to some form of hypersensitivity or a protective laryngeal reflex causing a transient, complete inability to breathe. One type of reactive airway obstruction is paroxysmal laryngospasm, which is a rare laryngeal disease in adults. ![]() Failure to manage this condition leads to hypoxia, hypercapnia, bronchospasm, pulmonary edema, arrhythmia, and heart failure, among other sequelae, which can eventually cause death from severe laryngeal spasm. Vocal cords and soft tissue of the supraglottic folds are blocked at the upper airway, resulting in obstruction of inspiration and expiration, which sometimes occurs during or after the administration of anesthesia and is associated with severe perioperative complications. Laryngospasm, a clinical symptom characterized by involuntary laryngeal muscle spasm, is a manifestation of glottic obstruction when vocal cords are closed. We therefore urge pulmonologists to understand and become familiar with paroxysmal laryngospasm in order to improve the management of this condition. Articles related to this condition are also published in otolaryngology, anesthesiology, and other specialized journals. In contrast to respiratory physicians, otolaryngologists and anesthesiologists are experts in managing paroxysmal laryngospasm. Several patients cannot obtain a definite diagnosis and treatment. ![]() Most of these patients have severe dyspnea during an attack. However, in recent years, we have observed respiratory difficulty manifested by paroxysmal laryngospasm in a few outpatients. Dyspnea caused by various conditions has its own distinct characteristics. Dyspnea is a common clinical symptom with several well-defined causes: pulmonary dyspnea, cardiogenic dyspnea, dyspnea caused by hematologic abnormalities, central nervous system dyspnea, dyspnea caused by endocrine abnormalities, and dyspnea associated with hysteria.
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